It is not unusual for people to use alcohol to alleviate anxiety. However, over time or in excess amounts, drinking alcohol can lead to increased levels of anxiety and stress.
For anyone prone to anxiety, it can be easy for one drink to turn into more and lead to a growing dependence on alcohol.
According to
In this article, we look at the links between alcohol and anxiety, the risks, and how to manage anxiety and alcohol in daily life.
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Research
This relationship is because regular, heavy drinking can interfere with
According to a
The review authors reported that reducing alcohol intake could improve people’s self-confidence, physical and mental quality of life, and social functioning.
In many cases, it is unclear whether alcohol causes anxiety or if anxiety makes a person more likely to drink alcohol.
According to some animal research, those who drink alcohol in their youth may be
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Anxiety and a sense of unease are common among those with an AUD. Those with AUD
Initially, drinking alcohol may help someone to relax. It can make social situations easier, and problems seem less daunting.
- improved mood
- reduced anxiety
- fewer inhibitions
- a boost in self-confidence
However, these positive feelings are short lived and carry risks.
The short term risks of alcohol may include:
- extreme changes in mood
- forgetfulness
- impaired vision
- lack of coordination
The
- liver and pancreas damage
- cancer
- ulcers
- heart disease
- respiratory and other infections
Lifestyle changes that people can implement to relieve anxiety include:
- getting enough regular sleep
- getting regular exercise
- reducing caffeine intake
- practicing relaxation techniques, such as meditation, yoga, and massage
- finding activities to occupy time and thoughts
If an individual needs more help, a doctor may be able to prescribe medications:
- Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) or tricyclic.
- Benzodiazepines for short term use due to their addiction risk.
People may also benefit from counseling, which can take the form of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or interpersonal therapy, among others.
Here are some lifestyle changes that people can try:
- identifying possible triggers
- avoiding alcohol when upset or stressed
- finding enjoyable exercise
- talking to friends and family
- removing alcohol from the home or workplace
- eating a healthful diet
- attending support groups, for example, Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
- attend therapy, for example, CBT
- going to an alcohol rehabilitation center
- learning a relaxation technique
Also, doctors
- disulfiram (Antabuse)
- naltrexone (Vivitrol, Revia, and Naltrel)
- acamprosate (Campral)
Nowadays, the internet can also offer tools for keeping track of drinking habits, setting goals, and providing relapse-prevention techniques.
Mobile applications are available, such as the Addiction-Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System (A-CHESS).
Alcohol and anxiety often go together, and it is important to see a doctor for any of the symptoms listed below:
- feeling nervous or irritable
- having a sense of imminent danger or panic
- noticing an increase in heart rate
- hyperventilating or sweating or shaking
- feeling constantly tired
- experiencing an erratic sleeping pattern
- being unable to concentrate
Signs and symptoms of AUD
- experiencing a strong urge, or need, to drink
- experiencing blackouts
- drinking more to experience the desired effect
- alcohol interfering with work or home life
- skipping activities that were enjoyable before in order to drink
- being in dangerous situations under the influence of alcohol
- experiencing withdrawal symptoms, such as trembling, difficulty sleeping, anxiety, depression, sweating, nausea, or hallucinations
People can usually manage all types of anxiety successfully by using a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and therapy rather than alcohol.
The outlook for those who have AUD is more complicated. AUD is a chronic condition that includes a variety of effects on the mind and body.
According to AA, 27% of approximately 6,000 members were sober for less than 1 year, and 22% were sober for 20 plus years. Also, success rates can be hard to document due to relapses and treatment be challenging.
If a person is worried about alcohol use or anxiety, they can speak to a doctor to find out the best ways to solve these issues.